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4 TECHNICAL INFORMATION

4 PROCESSING METHODS

400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL can be processed in all types

of processing equipment including spiral tanks, deep tanks

and automatic processors. This new technology ﬁlm will not

cause premature exhaustion of the developer, so standard

capacity ﬁgures and replenishment rates can be maintained.

When ﬁxing 400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL, however, slightly

longer times than usual are recommended for best results.

4.1 SAFELIGHT RECOMMENDATIONS

Handle 400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL ﬁlm in total darkness.

For very brief inspections during processing, use the ILFORD

908 (very dark green) or Kodak 3 safelight ﬁlter, with a

15W bulb, ﬁtted in a darkroom lamp. Do not allow direct

lighting from the safelight to fall on the ﬁlm.

When processing 400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL ﬁlm by

inspection, the safest way is to use infrared illumination in

the darkroom, with infrared goggles to see the ﬁlm. This

method ensures the ﬁlm cannot be fogged and makes it

easy to see the image.

4.2 SPIRAL TANK PROCESSING

The recommended agitation for spiral tank processing with

ILFORD chemicals is to invert the tank four times during the

first 10 seconds and again for 10 seconds (four inversions) at

the start of every further minute. Use this method of agitation

for both developing and ﬁxing. At the end of each agitation

sequence, tap the tank ﬁrmly to dislodge any air bubbles.

4.3 ROTARY PROCESSORS

Rotary processors, such as those made by Jobo, have very

similar processing conditions to spiral tank processing by

hand, except they process with small amounts of solution

and can be pre-programmed. Follow any guidance given

by the processor manufacturer when adjusting processing

times for these types of processors. Standard development

times are given in section 5.2 Development Times; these

may need reducing by up to 15% for use in rotary processors

without a pre-rinse because of the continuous agitation given

in these processors. Alternatively, if using a pre-rinse, use

the development times for spiral tank processing as a guide.

4.4 MACHINE PROCESSING

400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL can be processed in all types

of general purpose ﬁlm processors, including dip and dunk,

short leader and roller transport processors—see the developer

recommendations in section 3.1 Developers.

After development, ﬁx 400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL in ILFORD

UNIVERSAL Rapid ﬁxer (1+3). When roller transport proc-

essing, add one part ILFORD FIX HARDENER* to every

40 parts working strength UNIVERSAL Rapid ﬁxer. Hardener

protects the ﬁlm during the remainder of the roller transport

processing sequence.

*ILFORD FIX HARDENER CAN NOT be used with

ILFORD MULTIGRADE or ILFORD 2000 RT ﬁxers.

5 DEVELOPMENT TIMES

The tables give development times for both manual and

machine processing 400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL ﬁlm. These

times will produce negatives of average contrast suitable for

printing in all enlargers. The development times are intended

as a guide only and may be altered if a different result

is required.

To use the tables, determine the meter setting used, then

choose the developer and dilution, and read off the develop-

ment time. This time has been found to give the best quality with

that meter setting in that developer. This simpliﬁed approach

to development times with 400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL

means there is no need to adjust the meter setting to suit

the choice of developer.

Note: The contrast level obtained using these development

times is between the “normal” and “high” contrast levels that

used to be recommended for use with condenser or diffuser

enlargers respectively. This approach is no longer necessary,

considering the enlarger types that are popular today.

5.1 CHARACTERISTIC CURVES

400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL 35mm developed in ILFORD ID-11

stock for 7min. at 68°F (20°C) with intermittent agitation.

400 DELTA PROFESSIONAL roll ﬁlm developed in

ILFORD ID-11 stock for 7

⁄4 min. at 68°F (20°C) with

intermittent agitation.

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